Fir, fir Saplings, Saplings of coniferous plants

FIR (Abies), sort of coniferous evergreen trees this. pine. Monecious trees with direct trunk vys. 30 — 60 (sometimes to 100) to m and dia. 0,5 — 2 m. The krone is dense, cone-shaped, with mutovchaty branching and mezhmutovochny escapes. The needles are long-term, flat, linear, from below (occasionally from above) with two whitish strips of stomas. The kidneys pointed or stupid, green, reddish or brownish, at mn. types resinous. Bark gray, at one types till old age smooth and thin, with mnogochisl. swellings (tumors) — receptacles of fragrant pitch, at others — with age jointed and thick. Female "bumps" (megastrobiles) green or reddish-violet, vertically standing, are located odinochno about the end of last year's escape in top, parts of krone. Man's cones (microstrobiles) with yellow or red boots, sit odinochno in needles bosoms on top, the party of two years' escapes in niches. parts of krone. Mature cones upright, usually cylindrical, violet or brown coloring. Covering and seed scales, growing together in niches. parts of cones, bear two seeds and in the first year are scattered together with the ripened seeds. The majority of species of the Fir differ in the slowed-down growth (especially at early age), tenevynosliva, vlagolyubiva, are exacting to the soil, are wind-resistant (have deep rod root system), mn. types are frost-resistant. Nek-ry Firs are long-lasting (live till 500 — 700 years). Fir — the base forest forming rock. Thanks to harmonous, conic, dense, often low lowered (to the earth) to dark green or gray kroner are very decorative. Unlike the majority of coniferous transfers undercutting and it can be used for hedges. Breeds seeds, shanks, layers. Badly transfers air pollution by smoke and gas. It is unstable to fire therefore the fir woods strongly suffer from the fires.